Zirconium corundum is an important ceramic material, which is widely used in industry, scientific research and jewelry due to its excellent physical properties and chemical stability. In this article, we will discuss in detail the basic properties of zirconium corundum, including its chemical composition, crystal structure, physical properties, and mechanical properties.
The basic characteristics and application of zirconium corundum
Characteristics
From the perspective of the material and production process of zirconium corundum, zirconium corundum has high fire resistance, wear resistance, erosion resistance, slag resistance, corrosion resistance and adhesion, which can reduce the porosity of castings and improve the smoothness and quality of castings. Casting quality, good self-sharpening and grinding performance.
Chemical composition and crystal structure
The chemical composition of zirconium corundum is mainly composed of zirconium, oxygen and aluminum elements, the chemical formula is ZrO2, and its crystal structure is a hexagonal close-packed structure. This structure makes zirconium corundum have excellent hardness and wear resistance. The crystal structure is cubic, the space group is Fm-3m, and the lattice constant is a=5.15Å. Among them, zirconium atoms and oxygen atoms are arranged alternately to form a cubic closest-packed crystal structure. This structure makes zirconium corundum have excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance, and can withstand extreme conditions such as high pressure, high temperature, and high speed. Therefore, it is widely used in the manufacture of parts such as cutting tools and bearings in industry.
Physical properties
Secondly, the physical properties of zirconium corundum are also excellent. Zirconium corundum has a density of 6 g/cm3, which is higher than traditional materials such as aluminum and steel. The hardness of zirconium corundum can reach 9.5 in the Mohs hardness test, which is more than 10 times that of steel and second only to diamonds. Zirconium corundum has a very high melting point, which can reach over 2900 degrees Celsius, so it is also widely used in high temperature environments.
Optical properties
In addition to the above physical properties, zirconium corundum also has excellent optical properties. It is a transparent material that passes through visible and ultraviolet light, and is more transparent in the infrared spectral range. In addition, zirconium corundum has a high refractive index and a small scattering angle, which makes it important in optical applications. For example, it can be used to manufacture high-end optical lenses, windows, lenses and other optical components. Because of its stable optical properties, it is also widely used in the manufacture of high-power lasers.
Mechanical properties
In addition, his mechanical properties are also very good. Zirconium corundum has extremely high strength and toughness, and its hardness and strength are very high, several times higher than ordinary steel. Therefore, under extreme working conditions such as high pressure, high temperature and high-speed wear, zirconium corundum exhibits extremely strong wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
It also has good mechanical properties such as bending resistance and tensile resistance, so it can be used to manufacture mechanical parts such as bearings, valves, knives, and baffles. The thermal expansion coefficient of zirconium corundum is small, so it still has good mechanical properties in high temperature environments. In addition, it can be used in the manufacture of high-strength structural parts in the industrial field, and can also be used in the manufacture of bulletproof materials and military equipment.
A. Industrial application
Cutting tool:
Due to its excellent hardness and wear resistance, zirconium corundum is widely used in the manufacture of cutting tools, such as ceramic knives, glass knives, paper knives, etc.
Bearings, valves and other parts:
The high hardness and chemical stability of zirconium corundum make it have good application prospects in high-speed mechanical equipment, such as high-speed steel ball bearings, valve sealing parts, wear-resistant pipelines, etc.
Others:
Zirconium corundum can also be used in abrasives, electronics, textiles and other fields, and has broad application prospects.
B. Jewelry application
Design features and advantages:
Zirconia corundum has high hardness, high transparency, high wear resistance and excellent optical properties, and is widely used in jewelry design.
Zirconium corundum vs. diamond:
While not as hard as diamond, zirconia corundum is a more affordable alternative to diamond. Zirconium corundum is similar in appearance to diamonds and can exhibit unique optical effects through different cutting methods.
Preparation of Zirconium Corundum
Zirconium corundum is an important material with many excellent physical and chemical properties, so it is widely used in many fields. Among them, the method of preparing zirconium corundum is also very important, and different preparation methods can obtain zirconium corundum materials with different properties and performances. This section will introduce the preparation methods of zirconium corundum, including artificial synthesis and natural generation methods.
A. Synthetic method
| Hydrothermal | The method mainly utilizes high pressure and high temperature conditions to react zirconium and an oxidant in an aqueous solution to form a precipitate of zirconium oxide, and then undergoes calcination and annealing under high temperature and high pressure to form zirconium corundum. This method can obtain high-quality zirconium corundum materials, but strict control of reaction conditions is required, and the production cost is relatively high. |
| hydrosol-gel method | The hydrosol-gel method is a relatively new synthesis method of zirconium corundum. The method is mainly to mix zirconium salt and some organic compounds in aqueous solution to form sol, then gelatinize under specific conditions, and then undergo calcination and annealing under high temperature and high pressure to form zirconium corundum. This method has the advantages of fast reaction speed, low cost, less pollution in the preparation process and the like. |
| Others | For example: heat treatment method, plasma method, hydrothermal electrolysis method, etc. These methods have their unique advantages and disadvantages, and can be selected according to actual needs. |
Generally speaking, zirconium corundum has the characteristics of chemical stability, high hardness, high density, high melting point, high strength, and good toughness, which make it an important material. In industry and scientific research, zirconia corundum is widely used in various fields, including cutting tools, mechanical parts, instruments, thermal barrier coatings, optical glass, etc.
B. Naturally Occurring Methods
Raw ore collection and processing
Zirconium corundum also exists in nature, and the common ones are diamonds and sapphires in the mineral circle. The collected ore needs to be crushed, sorted, milled and other processes in order to obtain high-purity zirconium corundum powder.
Conclusion
As an important high-performance ceramic material, zirconium corundum has demonstrated its excellent performance and application potential in many fields. Whether in industry, production, or in consumer fields such as jewelry, zirconium corundum has broad application prospects and market potential. In terms of the market, the demand for zirconium corundum continues to increase, and with the development of technology and manufacturing technology, its application fields are also expanding.
Although zirconium corundum has excellent physical and chemical properties, there are still certain challenges and technical bottlenecks in its preparation process. Therefore, in the future, it is necessary to further strengthen the research on the preparation method and process of zirconium corundum to improve product quality and output, and better meet market demand.
References
- http://www.haixuml.com/productDetail/143.html
- https://kknews.cc/zh-tw/news/a2699ev.html
- https://www.vsmabrasives.com/zh/chan-pin/sou-suo?title=&machine=26&form=&material=&grinding-task=&features=&graintechnology=
- https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zirconia-fused-aluminazirconium-oxide-corundum-richard-ren
